26 Jun 2009
We wait a long time for warm weather and summer days in our region, so getting outside to savour it is a pleasure we can all appreciate. We know that staying active and getting some sunshine both contribute to good health. It’s important, however, to practice sun safety and protect ourselves from the ultraviolet rays of the sun when we are out enjoying the weather.
Skin cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in Ontario, accounting for about one third of all cancer cases. In addition, new cases and deaths from malignant melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer, are on the increase.
The sun gives off ultraviolet (UV) radiation that can cause one of three kinds of skin cancer. Basal cell cancer is not lethal but can cause severe disfigurement. Squamous cell skin cancer is a non-melanoma skin cancer that can be potentially life threatening. Malignant melanomas account for only a small proportion of all skin cancers, but are the type most likely to be fatal.
Most skin cancers are preventable, yet recent statistics show many local residents aren’t taking steps to protect their skin. Even though one sunburn increases the risk of developing skin cancer, the more time spent in the sun without protection, the higher the risk. In 2006, a survey of Simcoe Muskoka residents showed that 39 per cent of adults rarely or never wore sunscreen. As well, 42 per cent reported having had a sunburn in the past 12 months.
You can protect yourself from the damaging rays of the sun a number of different ways. First, pay attention to the UV Index, which indicates the predicted strength of the sun’s rays at anytime in the day and advises appropriate protective measures to take. The UV Index is now included in all weather broadcasts when the index reaches three or higher. Always use sunscreen when the UV index is three or higher.
Wear hats that have brims wide enough to shade face, neck and ears from the sun. Use sunscreen that carries an SPF rating of 15 or higher. Use sunglasses that protect from UVA and UVB and are labelled 100 per cent UVA/UVB or UV400. Wear clothing made of light, tightly woven, loose fitting fabrics that shade the legs and arms.
Avoid direct sunlight from 11 a.m. to 4 p.m., when damaging UV rays are strongest. Seek out shaded areas whenever possible.
Keep an eye on your skin and see your health care provider if you notice any growth, mole or discoloured skin that appears suddenly or begins to change, or if a sore does not heal.
Take extra care to ensure your children are protected. A single severe burn in childhood doubles one’s lifetime risk of melanomas.
By using the UV Index to plan your outdoor activities and to plan protection against UV rays, you can make sure that you and your family will enjoy the warmth and sunshine of the summer without putting your health at risk. For more information about sun safety, call Your Health Connection at (705) 721-7520 or 1-877-721-7520 Monday through Friday to speak with a public health nurse, or check www.simcoemuskokahealth.org.
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Dr. Gardner is Simcoe Muskoka’s medical officer of health.
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